No unsafe-inline
Content Security Policy (CSP) is a computer security standard introduced to prevent cross-site scripting (XSS), clickjacking and other code injection attacks resulting from execution of malicious content in the trusted web page context. Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of security vulnerability that can be found in some web applications. XSS attacks enable attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. A cross-site scripting vulnerability may be used by attackers to bypass access controls like the same-origin policy. Looking at National Vulnerability Database run by US NIST, more than 1100 (November 2025) vulnerabilities are reported as XSS for WordPress’ plugins and themes. Keeping your site up-to-date with the latest versions of plugins and themes is the first line of defense to ensure your site’s security. The second thing to do, is to deploy a strict Content Security Policy. The main problem The main problem with Content Security Policies implemented in the real world is that they are too weak to really protect your site and that many of them can be trivially bypassed by an attacker. The proposed solution Google researchers recommend, instead of whole host whitelisting, to activate individual scripts via a CSP nonces approach. In addition, in order to facilitate the adoption of nonce-based CSP, they proposed the ’strict-dynamic’ keyword. The problem(s) with CSP in WordPress Manual creation of a policy Usually, a WordPress project is a mix of code written by different authors who contributed to the Core and or wrote plugins and themes. If it is possible to whitelist every external script loaded from a , the real truth is that in a WordPress project you can have dozens of those scripts included with your plugins and calculate a cryptographic hash for each of them to be included in your CSP header can be a frustrating job. However, there are many browser extensions and WordPress’ plugins that can help you in this job. Inline scripts WordPress core, and plugins, use inline scripts. For these scripts, you can compute hashes to be inserted manually into your policy, only if these scripts do not change at any page load. Unfortunately, this is not very common, as it is frequent to include variable values calculated server side in inline scripts. And it means that your inline scripts change too frequently to manually add their hashes to your policy. This commonly happens when scripts are “localized”. WordPress has no API to implement nonces for CSP Even if it is easy to generate a nonce for each page view, this nonce has to be inserted in every script tag used to embed inline scripts in your page as doWhatever(); and in your script-src directive: script-src 'nonce-rAnd0m'; And, of course, a nonce must be unique for each HTTP response. Unsafe hashes / Inline styles Sometimes, HTML elements as images or buttons use HTML Event Attributes (onclick, onsubmit…) to let events trigger actions in a browser. You cannot use hashes or nonces for script included in event attributes and, adopting a strict CSP, requires refactoring those patterns into safer alternatives or to use ‘unsafe-hashes’. You got a similar problem when inline styles are used in HTML tags: This is a heading This is a paragraph. CSP Level 2 browsers may be ok with just putting the hash in your style-src directive. However, to allow hashes in the style attribute on inline CSS on browsers that support CSP Level 3, you may get an error like this Refused to apply inline style because it violates the following Content Security Policy directive: "style-src 'self' 'sha256-nMxMqdZhkHxz5vAuW/PAoLvECzzsmeAxD/BNwG15HuA='". Either the 'unsafe-inline' keyword, a hash ('sha256-nMxMqdZhkHxz5vAuW/PAoLvECzzsmeAxD/BNwG15HuA='), or a nonce ('nonce-...') is required to enable inline execution. To allow inline styles you need to use ‘unsafe-hashes’ in your style-src directive (that is, in facts, unsafe). ^ This plugin approach This plugin affords those problems in this way: During a capture phase, it detects the scripts, styles and other embedded content present in the pages of your site and stores them in the database. Then you have to whitelist these contents from plugin admin. The plugin uses machine learning to cluster inline scripts trying to aggregate scripts generated by the same server side (PHP) code. So, you can authorize one script example to authorize all scripts that the classifier predicts to label as whitelisted clusters. You can choose to use hashes to authorize external scripts (and the plugin will allow you to include Subresource Integrity in your and ) You can use hashes or nonces to authorize inline scripts. You can ask the plugin to refactor your page to not use event attributes (converted in a inline script) and inline styles (converted in an internal CSS). You can set one or more violations’ report endpoints. The plugin supports multisite installations and has (too) many options documented in inline help. Creating a Content Security Policy After plugin activation, go to Settings menu and search for CSP Settings submenu. The steps you are supposed to do are the following. From the Tools tab, activate the capture of the tags and use your site by visiting all the pages or having your users visit them for a long time long period based on the use of your site (hours or days). From the Tools tab, perform the data clustering in the database (it can use many server resources). Go to the Base rules tab and include in the CSP directives the desired values (help you with the table at the bottom of the page). Go to the external scripts tab, inline scripts tab and scripts invoked by event handlers tab and authorize the execution of all the legitimate scripts present on the pages of your site. Leaving the tag capture active, activate the policy test (at this stage the plugin will generate some violations of the temporary policy used to record additional values to be included in the directives of your “content security policy”). After visiting again your site pages, disable the capture of the tags and repeat the previous steps 2, 3 and 4. Enable site protection. N.B. When you update plugins or themes, if something doesn’t work properly on your site pages, temporarily deactivate the protection and repeat steps 1 to 7. Plugin hooks Filters nunil_output_csp_headers_header_csp nunil_output_csp_headers_header_csp is available since version 1.2.3 and can be used to modify the Content-Security-Policy header before it is sent to browser no_unsafe_inline_not_sri_sources no_unsafe_inline_not_sri_sources can be used to modify the list of external resources that do not support SRI (Subresource Integrity) no_unsafe_inline_final_output no_unsafe_inline_final_output is an internal filter used to manipulate the output of the WordPress process just before the output is sent to the browser. no_unsafe_inline_meta_injector no_unsafe_inline_meta_injector is an internal filter hook used to inject meta http-equiv=”Content-Security-Policy” if variable is set Actions nunil_upgrade Functions hooked on nunil_upgrade will run when the plugin is upgraded nunil_output_csp_headers Functions hooked to nunil_output_csp_headers will run when the plugin output the CSP HTTP response header Code and libraries This version of the plugin uses: * to parse HTML: * ivopetkov/HTML5DOMDocument on PHP 2.13.09 * \Dom\HTMLDocument: The new ext-dom features with HTML5 support on PHP>8.4 * RubixML for machine learning from version 1.1.0 – PHP-ML was used in versions 1.0.x; * opctim/php-nilsimsa to calculate and compare Nilsimsa digests. The log functions have been taken from * perfectyorg/perfecty-push-wp, something you should really try if you want to implement web Push notifications in your site. The complete list of dependencies used in this plugin can be seen in dependency graph on GitHub. Contributions, Issues, Bugs Plugin code is hosted on a public repository on GitHub. Reach me over there to help and suggest.
Top keywords
- inline23×1.74%
- scripts21×1.59%
- csp18×1.36%
- policy11×0.83%
- site11×0.83%
- output9×0.68%
- security9×0.68%
- content8×0.61%
- inline scripts8×0.61%
- unsafe8×0.61%
- wordpress8×0.61%
- hashes7×0.53%
Rank Math SEO – AI SEO Tools to Dominate SEO Rankings
Rank Math SEO – WordPress AI SEO Plugin to Rank Higher 📈 ★★★★★ Rank Math SEO helps you stay ahead of competitors with AI-powered SEO tools built for modern search engines, AI assistants, and evolving search experiences. The plugin brings powerful AI SEO tools right into WordPress. It helps you optimize content, include Schema Markup, add smart internal links, target the right keywords, run SEO checks, and more. Over 4 million WordPress websites trust Rank Math to grow their organic traffic faster. If you know you could be doing more for your website’s SEO but don’t have the time, Rank Math SEO is exactly what you need. Try the FREE Demo of Rank Math Features | Why Choose Rank Math? | Compare | Screenshots | Benefits [NEW] AI Visibility: Monitor Your Brand Across AI Search ➜ AI Visibility score to monitor your brand’s visibility ➜ Track how ChatGPT and other AI platforms mention your brand ➜ Monitor your brand’s sentiment across AI responses ➜ See how you compare against your competitors in AI Search ➜ Access complete transcripts of AI responses ➜ Check your brand’s AI Visibility across different countries Learn more about AI Visibility ➜ [NEW] AI Link Genius: Smart Internal Linking on Autopilot ➜ View every internal and external link on your site from one dashboard ➜ Update hundreds of links at once instead of editing pages one by one ➜ Get smart link suggestions as you write, right inside the editor ➜ Monitor broken links, redirects and overall link health ➜ Automatically link keyword variations to the right pages ➜ Get related post suggestions that keep readers on your site longer ➜ Find pages nobody links to and reconnect them to the rest of your site ➜ Export your link data for reports or audits Learn more about AI Link Genius ➜ Exclusive Content AI. Write Highly Optimized SEO Content Get Started with Content AI for FREE and enjoy: ➜ 40+ AI Tools Built for SEO ➜ Use AI SEO to write high-quality content ➜ Fix SEO Issues in One Click ➜ Generate AI Image Alt Text Instantly ➜ Get Instant SEO Help with RankBot ➜ Full Control via Role Manager Learn more about Content AI ➜ Rank Math Includes Every SEO Tool You Need to Rank Higher See the features only Rank Math offers, and find out why it’s the right SEO plugin for you. ✔ Intuitive Setup Wizard that configures Rank Math automatically for your site ✔ 16+ Schema types to add rich results in few clicks ✔ Optimize post for unlimited focus keywords (5 by default, unlimited with this filter) ✔ Content AI to help you write SEO-friendly content ✔ Google Search Console integration ✔ Google Analytics Integration ✔ LSI keyword suggestions to attract more traffic ✔ XML Sitemap with custom post type support ✔ Detailed content analysis with actionable SEO recommendations ✔ 30+ SEO tests with 1-click ✔ Module based system, enable only what you need ✔ SEO optimized breadcrumbs with theme support ✔ Smart Redirection manager to create redirects at scale ✔ Built-in 404 monitor to catch and fix broken links ✔ Internal link suggestions ✔ Role Manager to control what each team member can access ✔ Automatic ALT Text and Title tags for every image ✔ WordPress Multisite support Why is Rank Math such a game-changer? ✔ Fastest SEO plugin with barely any impact on site speed ✔ WooCommerce SEO with automatic Schema and meta tags ✔ Elementor SEO with native integration ✔ Divi SEO with native integration ✔ Local SEO tools to help nearby customers find your business ✔ Google AMP SEO with SEO data added automatically to AMP pages ✔ bbPress & BuddyPress SEO support with Q&A Schema ✔ 1-Click Import from Yoast ✔ 1-Click Import from AIO SEO ✔ 1-Click Import from SEOPress ✔ 1-Click Import from All In One Schema ✔ 1-Click Import from Redirection plugin ✔ Translation plugins support including WPML, Weglot, TranslatePress and Polylang ✔ Theme support including Astra, Kadence, Flothemes, OceanWP, Themify, Schema Theme and more ✔ Page builder support including Oxygen, WPBakery, Avada, Beaver Builder, and Page Builder Framework and more Who Can Benefit From Rank Math? Rank Math Plugin is perfect for: ✔ Bloggers ✔ eCommerce Store Owners ✔ Niche Sites ✔ Businesses ✔ Agencies ✔ Local Businesses ✔ Startups ✔ The Real Estate ✔ Artists & Photographers ✔ The Solution Offerer ✔ Directories ✔ Vloggers (Video Bloggers) ✔ Or any WordPress Website Take a sneak peek into Rank Math’s features Detailed Setup Tutorial BIG Publications are Raving About Rank Math Rank Math Reviews Rank Math Review – Why I Ditched Yoast For Rank Math Rank Math on Product Hunt Rank Math Plugin Review from an SEO Consultant and many more Check Rank Math PRO Which Makes SEO Easier & Faster Rank Math FREE VS PRO COMPARISON Unique Features of Rank Math PRO AI Link Genius ✔ AI-Powered Internal Link Suggestions ✔ Auto-Link Keyword Variations ✔ Automatic Link Audits & Monitor Link Health ✔ Bulk Link Update Tool Google Analytics & Search Console Integration ✔ Integrated Google Analytics, AdSense & Search Console Data ✔ Analyze the SEO Performance of Each Post & Page ✔ See Top Winning/Losing Posts & Keywords ✔ Keep Track of Position History ✔ Rank Tracker for Important Keywords Schema aka Structured Data aka Rich Snippets ✔ 20+ Pre-defined Schema types ✔ Import Schema from Other Websites ✔ Advanced Schema Builder to create any complex Schema Markup ✔ Schema Templates for Automation ✔ Conditional Schema Markup ✔ Multiple Location Schema On Any Page (using the Shortcode) SEO Automation ✔ Automated Image SEO ✔ Advanced Filtering for Images [https://i.rankmath.com/zAUHHP] ✔ Watermark Your images ✔ Advanced Post filtering ✔ Bulk Actions [index, noindex, redirect, etc.] ✔ Quick Edit SEO Details ✔ Bulk Import SEO Meta Details Using CSV file ✔ Auto Detect Videos and Generate Schema Markup for Them ✔ Auto Fetch Thumbnail, Duration of YouTube & Vimeo Videos ✔ Automatically Flush Facebook Thumbnails ✔ Open External Links in New Tabs ✔ Nofollow External Links ✔ Noindex Paginated, Archive, Search Result Pages ✔ Instant Indexing for Bing & Yandex [Also Google using our Instant Indexing Plugin] WooCommerce SEO ✔ Automatic Schema for WooCommerce Products ✔ Advanced Open Graph Tags for WooCommerce Products ✔ Automatic NoIndex Hidden Products ✔ Remove WooCommerce Product and Category Base ✔ Add Custom Brands to Products ✔ Add Global Identifier Schema Like GTIN/MPN – Even to Variations MANY MORE FEATURES ✔ PREMIUM 24x7x365 Dedicated Support Managers ✔ MOST COMPETITIVE PRICING EVER! CHECK ALL THE PREMIUM FEATURES AND PRICING HERE Connect with the Team and SEO Experts JOIN FACEBOOK GROUP COMMUNITY: The purpose of this Facebook group is to have a collective place where the community can help each other, and we can get some feedback to improve Rank Math as well. Joining the group is also a great way to connect with like-minded people and share your SEO experience. Branding Guideline Rank Math® SEO is a registered trademark. Please use the following format when mentioning the Rank Math plugin anywhere. * Rank Math [correct] * RankMath [incorrect] * Rankmath [incorrect] * rankmath [incorrect] * rankMath [incorrect] External Services Rank Math SEO connects to several external services to provide its features. Below is a full disclosure of each service, what data is sent, and when. Rank Math Keyword Suggestions API (api.rankmath.com) Used to provide live keyword suggestions as you type in the Focus Keyword field in the post editor. Keyword suggestions: Each time you type in the Focus Keyword field, the keyword and your site’s locale are sent to api.rankmath.com to retrieve related keyword suggestions. This call is made directly from your browser. No account or login is required for this feature. Service provider: Rank Math (ONE.COM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED) Privacy policy: https://rankmath.com/privacy-policy/ Terms of service: https://rankmath.com/terms-of-service/ Rank Math API (rankmath.com) Used for site registration, license verification, and the SEO Analysis feature. Site registration / account connection: Sends your site URL, Rank Math username, and API key when you connect your Rank Math account. This is required to activate API-based features. Site disconnection: Sends your site URL, username, and API key when you disconnect your account to remove the registration from Rank Math’s servers. SEO Analysis: Sends your site URL, target keyword, and language when you run an SEO site analysis. Results are returned as a scored report. Dashboard widget: Fetches the latest Rank Math blog posts to display in the WordPress admin dashboard widget. No personal data is sent. Results are cached for 12 hours. Service provider: Rank Math (ONE.COM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED) Privacy policy: https://rankmath.com/privacy-policy/ Terms of service: https://rankmath.com/terms-of-service/ Rank Math OAuth Connector (oauth.rankmath.com) Used to connect your site to Google services (Search Console, Google Analytics) via OAuth. OAuth token exchange: When you authorize Google services, your browser is redirected through oauth.rankmath.com to exchange the authorization code for access and refresh tokens. The authorization code is sent to this service; it returns OAuth tokens for use on your site. Token refresh: Sends your Google refresh token to obtain a new access token when the current one expires. Service provider: Rank Math (ONE.COM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED) Privacy policy: https://rankmath.com/privacy-policy/ Terms of service: https://rankmath.com/terms-of-service/ Rank Math Content AI (cai.rankmath.com) Used to power AI-based content features. Only active when the Content AI module is enabled and you have a connected Rank Math account. Keyword research: Sends the target keyword, language, and country to fetch keyword suggestions and metrics. Bulk SEO meta generation: Sends post title and content to generate SEO titles and descriptions in bulk. Bulk image alt text generation: Sends image data (base64-encoded) to generate descriptive alt text for images. Default prompts sync: Sends your site URL, username, API key, and plugin version daily to keep AI prompt templates up to date. Credits/wallet check: Sends your username, API key, and site URL to check remaining Content AI usage credits. Service provider: Rank Math (ONE.COM INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED) Privacy policy: https://rankmath.com/privacy-policy/ Terms of service: https://rankmath.com/terms-of-service/ Google APIs (googleapis.com, google.com) Used by the Analytics module to retrieve website performance data. Only active when you have connected Google Analytics via the Rank Math Analytics module. Google Analytics data: Sends your OAuth access token to fetch data like traffic, keyword, impressions, etc for your site from the Google Analytics API. Token verification: Sends your OAuth access token to verify its validity and authorized scopes. Google Tag Manager script (googletagmanager.com): When a Google Analytics / Google Tag property ID is configured, the Google Tag (gtag.js) script is loaded from googletagmanager.com on your site’s front end. AMP analytics (cdn.ampproject.org): When AMP is active and a Google Analytics property is configured, the AMP analytics component script is loaded from cdn.ampproject.org. Service provider: Google LLC Privacy policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy Terms of service: https://policies.google.com/terms IndexNow API (api.indexnow.org) Used by the Instant Indexing module to notify search engines of new or updated content. Only active when the Instant Indexing module is enabled. Sends a list of URLs, your site URL, and your IndexNow API key to api.indexnow.org each time content is published or updated (or manually triggered). Service provider: Microsoft (Bing) Privacy policy: https://privacy.microsoft.com/en-us/privacystatement Terms of service: https://www.indexnow.org/faq Facebook Graph API (graph.facebook.com) Used to refresh Facebook’s cached preview when a post is updated. Only active when a Facebook App ID and App Secret are configured in Rank Math’s Social settings. Sends the post’s public URL and your Facebook App credentials to trigger a re-scrape of the page by Facebook. Service provider: Meta Platforms, Inc. Privacy policy: https://www.facebook.com/privacy/policy/ Terms of service: https://developers.facebook.com/terms/